TY - JOUR KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Male KW - Child, Preschool KW - Infant KW - Trachoma KW - Child KW - Cross-Sectional Studies KW - Chlamydia trachomatis KW - Mozambique KW - Prevalence KW - Seroepidemiologic Studies KW - Antibodies, Bacterial AU - Henis Sitoe AU - William Oswald AU - Felizmina Zita AU - Mawo Fall AU - Tamimo Momade AU - Molly Adams AU - Rebecca Flueckiger AU - Scott McPherson AU - Sabrina Eyob AU - Thuy Doan AU - Thomas Lietman AU - Benjamin Arnold AU - Karana Wickens AU - Sarah Gwyn AU - Diana Martin AU - Mabula Kasubi AU - Sarah Boyd AU - Ana Bakhtiari AU - Cristina Jimenez AU - Anthony Solomon AU - Emma Harding-Esch AU - Upendo Mwingira AU - Jeremiah Ngondi AB -

Mozambique is making progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, but in some districts trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence remains above the 5% elimination threshold despite years of various interventions, including antibiotic mass drug administration. To characterize transmission in four districts, we incorporated testing of ocular infection and serology into routine trachoma impact surveys (TIS) in August 2022. We examined residents aged ≥ 1 year for trachoma and collected information on household water, sanitation, and hygiene. Among children aged 1-9 years, we tested conjunctival swabs for Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid and dried blood spots for C. trachomatis antibodies. We modeled age-dependent seroprevalence to estimate seroconversion rate (SCR). We examined 4841 children aged 1-9 years. TF prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 6.0% with three districts below the 5% threshold. PCR-confirmed infection prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 4.8%, and Pgp3 seroprevalence ranged between 8.8 and 24.3%. Pgp3 SCR was 1.9 per 100 children per year in the district with the lowest TF prevalence. Two other districts with TF < 5% had SCR of 5.0 and 4.7. The district with TF ≥ 5% had a SCR of 6.0. This enhanced TIS furthered understanding of transmission in these districts and provides information on additional indicators for monitoring trachoma programs.

BT - Sci Rep DA - 2024 Oct 15 DO - 10.1038/s41598-024-71201-z IS - 1 J2 - Sci Rep LA - eng N2 -

Mozambique is making progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, but in some districts trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence remains above the 5% elimination threshold despite years of various interventions, including antibiotic mass drug administration. To characterize transmission in four districts, we incorporated testing of ocular infection and serology into routine trachoma impact surveys (TIS) in August 2022. We examined residents aged ≥ 1 year for trachoma and collected information on household water, sanitation, and hygiene. Among children aged 1-9 years, we tested conjunctival swabs for Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid and dried blood spots for C. trachomatis antibodies. We modeled age-dependent seroprevalence to estimate seroconversion rate (SCR). We examined 4841 children aged 1-9 years. TF prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 6.0% with three districts below the 5% threshold. PCR-confirmed infection prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 4.8%, and Pgp3 seroprevalence ranged between 8.8 and 24.3%. Pgp3 SCR was 1.9 per 100 children per year in the district with the lowest TF prevalence. Two other districts with TF < 5% had SCR of 5.0 and 4.7. The district with TF ≥ 5% had a SCR of 6.0. This enhanced TIS furthered understanding of transmission in these districts and provides information on additional indicators for monitoring trachoma programs.

PY - 2024 EP - 22842 T2 - Sci Rep TI - Ongoing transmission of trachoma in low prevalence districts in Mozambique: results from four cross-sectional enhanced impact surveys, 2022. VL - 14 SN - 2045-2322 ER -