@article {1566,
	title = {Ongoing transmission of trachoma in low prevalence districts in Mozambique: results from four cross-sectional enhanced impact surveys, 2022.},
	journal = {Sci Rep},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2024},
	month = {2024 Oct 15},
	pages = {22842},
	abstract = {<p>Mozambique is making progress towards elimination of trachoma as a public health problem, but in some districts trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) prevalence remains above the 5\% elimination threshold despite years of various interventions, including antibiotic mass drug administration. To characterize transmission in four districts, we incorporated testing of ocular infection and serology into routine trachoma impact surveys (TIS) in August 2022. We examined residents aged >= 1 year for trachoma and collected information on household water, sanitation, and hygiene. Among children aged 1-9 years, we tested conjunctival swabs for Chlamydia trachomatis nucleic acid and dried blood spots for C. trachomatis antibodies. We modeled age-dependent seroprevalence to estimate seroconversion rate (SCR). We examined 4841 children aged 1-9 years. TF prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 6.0\% with three districts below the 5\% threshold. PCR-confirmed infection prevalence ranged between 1.1 and 4.8\%, and Pgp3 seroprevalence ranged between 8.8 and 24.3\%. Pgp3 SCR was 1.9 per 100 children per year in the district with the lowest TF prevalence. Two other districts with TF < 5\% had SCR of 5.0 and 4.7. The district with TF >= 5\% had a SCR of 6.0. This enhanced TIS furthered understanding of transmission in these districts and provides information on additional indicators for monitoring trachoma programs.</p>},
	keywords = {Antibodies, Bacterial, Child, Child, Preschool, Chlamydia trachomatis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mozambique, Prevalence, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Trachoma},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-71201-z},
	author = {Sitoe, Henis Mior and Oswald, William E and Zita, Felizmina and Fall, Mawo and Momade, Tamimo and Adams, Molly W and Flueckiger, Rebecca M and McPherson, Scott and Eyob, Sabrina and Doan, Thuy and Lietman, Thomas M and Arnold, Benjamin F and Wickens, Karana and Gwyn, Sarah and Martin, Diana L and Kasubi, Mabula and Boyd, Sarah and Bakhtiari, Ana and Jimenez, Cristina and Solomon, Anthony W and Harding-Esch, Emma M and Mwingira, Upendo J and Ngondi, Jeremiah M}
}
